AUTHOR: Оlena ТITIKA
Danubius, XXXV - Supliment, Galaţi, 2017, pp. 79-88.
Abstract
The article deals with the post-war reconstruction and production activity in 1943-1950, so important to meet the needs of the economy and the population of the industrial complex of the republic as the local industry. It is analyzed the research of the mentioned problem and reason of insufficient attention of historians to its study; the scientific relevance of filling this gap in the system of historical knowledge is substantiated. The potential of the local industry of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the prewar period and damage caused by war and occupation is characterized. Based on the use of a wide range of sources, which are first introduced into scientific circulation, the course and results of restoration works in the industry are analyzed; positive and negative processes are traced that took place in the establishment and implementation of production of economic products and consumer goods, consumer services. On the concrete actual material it is shown that despite much difficulties caused by insignificant centralized state financial and logistical support, lack of building materials, mechanisms and equipment, energy supply, production space, skilled engineering and technical staff, the reconstruction and adjustment operation of enterprises the local industry was generally implemented at a rapid pace and mostly by members of their labor collectives. It is established that the completion of reconstruction in 1948 became a turning point in building capacity of the industry and increasing its role in the development of the economy and social sphere of the republic. In 1948, the output of gross production not only reached the pre-war level, but also exceeded it, and in 1950 it was 176,3% to the level of 1940.
A specific feature of the functioning of local industry was its diversity. The enterprises of the industry manufactured commercial production and consumer goods in a wide assortment that enabled the authorities to solve economic problems in the regions in order to develop industrial and agricultural production and provide the needs of the population. At the same time, in the postwar period, the nomenclature of products increased annually, which at the end of the five-year period had more than thousand articles.
Some plots are devoted to the implementation processes during the postwar years at the enterprises of a number of new technical and technological measures, the implementation of mechanization, concentration and specialization of production, which ensured an increase in production of industrial products, reduce its cost, improve working conditions.